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Sons of Hyperion in Greek Mythology

22/05/2020
     Hyperion was one of the Titans within Greek Mythology. He is known for being the first astronomer and with that, his personification is the Astros themselves. Check out some facts about this Elder below.

Hyperion in Greek Mythology:

     Hyperion, in Greek Mythology, is one of the titans, sons of Uranus and Gaia. By another version, attributed by Diodoro Sículo to the Cretans, the Titans were the children of one of the curettes with Titeia, and the name Titans derives from his mother. From his union with his sister Teia, Eos, Hélio and Selene were born. According to the interpretation of Diodoro Sículo, Hyperion was the first astronomer to study the movement of the Sun, Moon and stars, and was therefore called the father of these stars. Still according to Diodoro, the Atlantean legend about the origin of the gods is not very different from the Greek legends. 

     By this legend, Uranus was its first king, and it had forty-five children of diverse wives, being eighteen of its wife Titeia. Tithea, after being dead, was deified as Gaia. Basel, Uranus' eldest daughter, succeeded her father when he died and was deified. She was a virgin, but wishing to have heirs, she married her brother Hyperion.

Legend of This Titan:

     Basel and Hyperion had two children, Hélio and Selene, but the Basel brothers conspired and murdered Hyperion, and drowned Hélio, who was still a child, in the Erídano River. Selene committed suicide by throwing herself off a rock. Basel had a vision, in which Helio told her not to mourn the death of her children, as the Titans would receive an appropriate punishment, and he had become the Sun and his sister the Moon. According to Newton, the origin of these Atlantean legends was the priests from Egypt; he identifies Hyperion with Osiris, Helium with Horus, Selene with Bubaste, and the river where Helium was drowned with the Nile River. The Greeks identified Mitra, a Persian god, with Hyperion or Phoebus. Ovid mentions that the Persians sacrificed horses to Hyperion, because no slow victim could sacrifice himself to a fast god.

Their children are: Eos, Helius and Selene

EOS:

     Usually referred to as long blond hair and nails dyed pink with a purple carriage pulled by two winged horses, Lampo and Phaeton, with multicolored harness. Agile and graceful, it has wings on the shoulders and feet. This characterization expresses his character as a capricious and carefree young man, who lives intense and ephemeral loves. Eos has, as its main function, to open the doors of heaven to the helium chariot, the personification of the Sun, thus being the goddess of dawn (when helium's chariot is leaving, and the sun is rising) and of dusk, more specifically , the sunset (When Hélio's carriage is returning, and the sun is setting). Also responsible for the brightness of the sun and the shades of heaven, Eos is the goddess who awakens people and creatures from the deepest dreams and spills dew on the leaves, being best known for being the goddess especially of dawn.

HELIUS:

     Helius is represented crowned by a solar halo. He is married to Perseis, daughter of Oceano and Tethys. With her, Hélio had several children, including Eetes, Circe, Perseus and Pasífae, who married King Minos of Crete. Hélio with Clímene had seven daughters, the helíades, and a son, Phaetonte. Higino also gives an alternative version, in which Phaetonte is Helium's great-great-grandson. As time goes by, Helium is increasingly identified with the god Apollo; however, despite syncretism, they were often seen as two distinct gods (Helios was a lesser god, while Apollo is an Olympian god). 

     Hélio encircles the earth in the so-called car of the sun, riding the sky to the ocean to bathe the horses, starting at night. Nothing in the universe escapes his sight, a reason that even the gods summon him to act as a witness at important events. According to the Roman poet Ovídio, Hélio's car of the sun is a chariot, sometimes represented as a chariot, drawn by four fire horses, whose names vary. According to him, the names are Piro, Éous, Éton and Flégon. According to Eumélo de Corinto, the names of the males are Éous and Ethiopian, and that of the females, which are united by a yoke, are Bronte, the thunderstorm; and Estérope, the lightning.

Check: Cronus - Greek God of Time

SELENE:

     Selene's etymology is uncertain, but if the name is of Greek origin, it is likely that the word selas (σέλας) is connected, meaning "light". Just as Hélio, from his identification with Apollo, is called Phoebus ("brilliant"), Selene, from his identification with Artemis, is also commonly referred to by the epithet Phoebe (feminine form). The original Phoebe from Greek mythology is Selene's aunt, the titanid mother of Leto and Asteria, and grandmother of Apollo, Artemis and Hecate. Also from Artemis, Selene was sometimes called "Cíntia". Selene was also called Mene. The word for men (feminine mene), means the moon, and the lunar month. It was also the name of the Phrygian moon god Men. 

     It is from Selene that comes the academic term selenolatry, which denotes the worship and subsequent cults to the moon and lunar deities, regardless of origin or nationality. Several lovers are attributed to her in several myths, including Zeus, Pan, and the deadly Endimion. In classical times, Selene was often identified with Artemis, just as her brother, Helium, was identified with Apollo. 

     Both Selene and Artemis were also associated with Hecate, and all three were considered to be lunar goddesses, although only Selene was considered to be the personification of the moon itself. In Arcádia, she joined Pan, who seduced her by disguising herself with sheep skin and then presented her with a flock of entirely white oxen that she used to pull her night cart.

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